Publication Abstract Display
Type: Published Manuscript
Title: Coagulation imbalance and neurocognitive functioning in older HIV+ adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy.
Authors: Montoya JL, Iudicello J, Oppenheim HA, Fazeli PL, Potter M, Ma Q, Mills PJ, Ellis RJ, Grant I, Letendre SL, Moore DJ
Year: 2017
Publication: AIDS
Volume: 31 Issue: 6 Pages: 787-795
Abstract:OBJECTIVES: To compare plasma biomarkers of coagulation between HIV-infected individuals and HIV-uninfected controls and to assess the impact of disturbances in coagulation on neurocognitive functioning in HIV. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of 66 antiretroviral therapy-treated virally suppressed HIV-infected and 34 HIV-uninfected older (≥50 years of age) adults. METHODS: Participants completed standardized neurobehavioral and neuromedical assessments. Neurocognitive functioning was evaluated using a well-validated comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Plasma biomarkers associated with procoagulation (fibrinogen, p-selectin, tissue factor, and von Willebrand factor), anticoagulation (antithrombin, protein C, and thrombomodulin), fibrinolysis (d-dimer, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and plasminogen) were collected. Multivariable linear regression was used to test the interaction of HIV and coagulation on neurocognitive functioning. RESULTS: Most participants were male (78.0%) and non-Hispanic white (73.0%) with a mean age of 57.8 years. Among HIV-infected participants, mean estimated duration of HIV infection was 19.4 years and median current CD4 cell count was 654 cells/mm. Levels of soluble biomarkers of procoagulation, anticoagulation, and fibrinolysis were comparable between the HIV serostatus groups. Coagulation and HIV had an interacting effect on neurocognitive functioning, such that greater coagulation imbalance was associated with poorer neurocognitive functioning among the HIV-infected participants. The moderating effect of coagulation on neurocognition was driven by procoagulant but not anticoagulant or fibrinolytic biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of procoagulants may exert a particularly detrimental effect on neurocognitive functioning among older HIV-infected persons. A better understanding of the specific role of coagulation in the etiology of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders may lead to treatments aimed at reducing coagulopathy, thereby improving neurocognitive outcomes.

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