Publication Abstract Display
Type: Published Manuscript
Title: Increased HIV-1 superinfection risk in carriers of specific human leukocyte antigen alleles.
Authors: Vesa J, Chaillon A, Wagner GA, Anderson CM, Richman DD, Smith DM, Little SJ
Year: 2017
Publication: AIDS (London, England)
Volume: 31 Issue: 8 Pages: 1149-1158
Abstract:OBJECTIVE: To characterize the demographic, behavioral, clinical, and immunogenetic determinants of HIV-1 superinfection (SI) in a high-risk cohort of men who have sex with men (MSM). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of prospectively followed MSM. METHODS: Ninety-eight MSM with acute or early HIV-1 monoinfection (MI) were followed for a median of 15.6 months. Demographic and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype data were collected at enrollment. Sexual behavior, clinical, and the infection status (MI or SI) data were recorded at each visit (at enrollment and thereafter at a median of 4.2-month intervals). HIV-1 SI risk was determined by Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: Ten subjects (10.2%) became SI during follow-up. Cox regression did not show significantly increased SI risk for subjects with an increased amount of condomless anal intercourse, lower CD4+ T-cell count, or higher viral load, but higher number of sexual contacts demonstrated a trend towards significance (hazard ratio [HR], 4.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-25.97; p=0.073). HLA-A*29 (HR, 4.10; 95% CI, 0.88-14.76; p = 0.069), HLA-B*35 (HR, 4.64; 95% CI, 1.33-18.17; p = 0.017), HLA-C*04 (HR, 5.30; 95% CI, 1.51-20.77; p = 0.010), HLA-C*16 (HR, 4.05; 95% CI, 0.87-14.62; p = 0.071), HLA-DRB1*07 (HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 0.94-12.90; p = 0.062), and HLA-DRB1*08 (HR, 15.37; 95% CI, 2.11-79.80; p = 0.011) were associated with an increased risk of SI at α=0.10, whereas HLA-DRB1*11 was associated with decreased SI risk (HR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.00-1.03; p = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS: HLA-genes may, in part, elucidate the genetic basis of differential SI risk, and provide important information for the development of efficient prevention and treatment strategies of HIV-1 SI.

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