| Publication Abstract Display | | Type: Published Manuscript | | Title: Neurobehavioral disturbances in acute and early HIV infection. | | Authors: Kamat R, Doyle KL, Iudicello JE, Morgan EE, Morris S, Smith D, Little S, Grant I, Letendre SL, Woods SP, and the TMARC Group | | Year: 2016 | | Publication: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology | | Volume: 29 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-10 | | Abstract:Background and Objective: Acute and early human immunodeficiency
virus infection (AEH) is accompanied by
neuroinflammatory processes as well as impairment in neurocognitive
and everyday functions, but little is known about the
frequency and clinical correlates of the neurobehavioral disturbances
during this period. We compared pre-seroconversion
with current levels of apathy, disinhibition, and executive dysfunction;
we also examined everyday function and HIV disease
correlates of neuropsychiatric impairment in individuals with
AEH.
Methods: In this study, 34 individuals with AEH and 39 HIVseronegative
participants completed neuromedical and neuropsychological
assessments, a structured psychiatric interview,
and the apathy, disinhibition, and executive dysfunction subscales
of the Frontal Systems Behavioral Scale.
Results: Independent of any substance use and mood disorders,
the AEH group had significantly higher levels of current apathy
and executive dysfunction than the controls, but not greater disinhibition.
Retrospective ratings of pre-seroconversion levels of
apathy, disinhibition, and executive dysfunction were all higher in
the AEH group than the controls. After seroconversion, the AEH
cohort had increases in current apathy and executive dysfunction,
but not disinhibition. In the AEH cohort, higher current global
neurobehavioral dysfunction was significantly associated with
lower nadir CD4 counts, slowed information processing speed,
and more everyday function problems.
Conclusions: These data suggest that individuals who have recently
acquired HIV experienced higher-than-normal premorbid
levels of neurobehavioral disturbance. Apathy and executive
dysfunction are exacerbated during AEH, particularly in association
with lower CD4 counts. |
return to publications listing
|