Publication Abstract Display
Type: Published Manuscript
Title: Reduced independence in daily living is associated with the gut microbiome in people with HIV and HCV.
Authors: Taylor BC, Weldon KC, Ellis RJ, Franklin D, McDonald D, Humphrey G, Bryant M, Toronczak J, Schwartz T, Iudicello J, Heaton R, Grant I, Gianella S, Letendre S, Swafford A, Dorrestein PC, Knight R
Year: 2020
Publication: MSystems
Volume: 5 Issue: 5 Pages: e00528-20
Abstract:Alterations in the gut microbiome are associated with neurocognition and related disorders, including in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the connection between the gut microbiome and cognitive decline, gauged by increased dependence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), remains largely unexplored in the context of these diseases. Here we characterized the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry from 347 people with HIV, HIV and HCV, or neither, all of whom underwent a comprehensive neuropsychiatric assessment. We observed that IADL-dependent and -independent HIV-monoinfected (HIV-positive [HIV+]/HCV-negative [HCV-]) and coinfected (HIV+/HCV+) individuals have distinct gut microbiomes. Moreover, we found that dependent individuals with HIV or HIV and HCV were enriched in Bacteroides These results may have implications for the characterization of cognitive decline, as well as the development of potential prevention and treatment strategies for individuals infected with HIV and/or HCV. Of particular interest is the possibility that dietary interventions that are known to modify the microbiome could be used to shift the microbiome toward more favorable states for preserving independence.

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